Encyclopedia article examines the classical liberal school and notes distinctions between it and other schools of thought within liberalism such as libertarianism and New Liberalism.

Considers why most liberal parties in Central and Eastern Europe disappeared from the political scene after a promising beginning in the early 1990s. Published in Central Europe Review .

Concise introduction to the history and theory of classical liberalism.

General philosophical theory outlined by Gerald F. Gaus in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Written by Hayek in 1973 for the Italian Enciclopedia del Novicento where the article appeared in an Italian translation and later reprinted as Chapter Nine of Hayek's New Studies in Philosophy, Politics, Economics and the History of Ideas.

Encyclopedia article outlining the history of the ideology and explaining different forms of liberalism.

Michael Cain considers three volumes of essays on liberal economic and political thought in Central Europe.

Points out similarities between the issue positions of U.S. left-liberals and libertarians. Also gives quotes, reading list, and related links.

Speech by Samuel Brittan to the EU Seminar on Europe in 21st Century (April 14 2000). Brittan is a leading economic commentator and Financial Times columnist.

Terrence Cook compares "right liberalism" and "left liberalism" in chart form.